4/27/2005

「全民英檢運動」值得嗎

我曾經瀏覽過一個中文的部落格,裡面的文章用辭和句子都相當的讚,描述一件事情,可以用文字抽象敘述,整篇文章洋洋灑灑,十分精湛。自那天起,我便希望自己在文章修辭上下一點功夫。

-------本文開始--------

無論是書店裡各式各樣的英語學習雜誌、補習班裡滿滿的學生,或是電視、廣播、網路等媒體上的廣告,甚至父母親訓誡小孩,幾十年來,「學好英文」一直是台灣不退的熱潮,而在教育部推出「全民英檢」,以及開始將英文列入國小課程之後,全國上至各機關行號的員工、大學生,下至小學生和幼稚園的孩子,更是陷入一股「英語考試瘋」之中。可是根據近幾年來美國ETS的統計數字,台灣學生的托福與GRE考試平均成績,不但並未因此進步,還在東亞各國當中名列倒數。不僅如此,目前台灣學生中文能力下降,也是不爭的事實;不管是企業主管、大學教授,還是中小學教師,都經常感嘆:為什麼要現在的新新人類,寫篇讓別人看得懂的文章,竟是那麼難的一件事?

八股填塞不重深度

現在台灣的語言教育,雖看似「多元」,卻都不脫「學習目的不清,考試導向至上」的窠臼:小學生在學校裡除了要學國文、英文之外,還要上母語教學課,可是回家之後,能夠完全經常使用在校所學各種語言的,卻是少之又少。而許多老師們為求讓家長看到孩子的「學習效果」,常常以訓練「八股文」的方式,填塞孩子制式的思維框架,不重視思考深度的培養,長久下來,我們的學校課堂和補習班只能養出一群又一群無法表達自己的「考試高手」,即便拿到了碩士、博士,卻仍然思想貧乏,無法從事獨立研究出版。以筆者任教的學校為例,曾有一位某著名國立大學畢業的英國文學博士來應徵教職,但是審查其博士論文,發現不僅論文本身缺乏廣度與深度,謝辭有文法錯誤,面試時她的英語會話也並不流暢。

儘管隨著時代進步,人所要表達的意念愈來愈多,但是回顧千萬年來人類使用語言的歷史,「清晰有條理的表達自己」卻是始終不變的目的;也唯有透過精熟掌握至少一種語文,並且藉此進行抽象思考與推理,與別人分享想法、互相辯論,才能激盪出智慧的火花,進而有所發明和創新,而「發明」與「創新」正是知識經濟時代,最重要的利基。近百年來,台灣生物醫學研究發展的成果,屢受國際肯定,追本溯源,是從杜聰明博士開始。

杜氏的學生如李鎮源博士等人,都沒有出國留學,但他們依然能夠代代傳承,創新發明,其原動力並不是精通多少種語言,也不是英文聽說讀寫樣樣行,而是彼此間觀念能流暢的互相溝通。此外,根據神經科學界的研究,腦神經的活動與成熟,與主要語言息息相關;沒有效率的外語學習,反而是對母語學習的傷害。所以,筆者認為:全民英檢的本身,只是回到大家從小到大最習慣的考試;不計後果成效,只看通過與否的結果,根本就是回到考試的所有缺點,最大的成效也頂多是勉強達到英語的工具性功能,完全無法將英文承載的思想和文化內容表現出來。而衡諸東亞各國的語言政策,目前較具代表性的有以下兩種:

一、新加坡模式:以英語為官方語言,但政府亦鼓勵國民回家之後,使用自己的母語溝通。

二、日本模式:依靠快速、大量、品質好的翻譯,如此一來,不需全民都要精通其他外語,國民也能普遍的吸收外來新知。

依照台灣現在的狀況看來,要採行新加坡模式顯然不易,倒不如採取日本模式,讓大家能夠至少精通一種語言,並且依此清楚明確的表達自己的思想。


大聲就贏不求甚解

文明的生活,要靠邏輯、說理來超越暴力,而全民推理意識和能力的高下,正是建立一個真正自由民主社會,最重要的關鍵和基石。我們學習英語的「一窩蜂文化」,和新聞與call-in節目中,屢見不鮮的「大聲就贏」現象,是現在台灣社會最反智的兩個縮影,而這兩個縮影也都反映了目前台灣社會只滿足於「能嗆聲」、「能選舉」,卻不重視各方說法背後各有什麼理由的鴕鳥心態。也因此,筆者希望教育相關單位除了重視語言多元化之外,能夠投注更多心力,正視語言政策背後,國民思想深度的問題,讓我們的下一代成為「會思考的蘆葦」,而不是「會說話的鸚鵡」。


張秋政
作者為長庚大學企業管理研究所教授

4/25/2005

學英文國一是關鍵時期 早學幫助少應協助弱勢族群補救

【蘇岱崙╱台北報導】一項調查發現,太早學英文對英文能力提升並沒有太大幫助,影響往後英語成就的關鍵階段是國中時期。主持此研究的政治大學外語學院院長陳超明建議教育單位,應在國小六年級升國中時,以小班制,強制為英文學習低成就者施行補救教學。


加強國中實質學習

這項「台灣大學生英文能力與英語學習啟蒙年齡之關係研究」調查,是政大外語學院與全球化教育推廣協會於去年十月時,讓一所國立大學、兩所科技大學共八百六十二名學生參與托福紙筆測驗(TOEFL、ITP)及多益測驗(TOEIC),並調查他們英文學習啟蒙年齡,以分析彼此關係。
陳超明昨在記者會上指出,五歲以下及國小開始學英文者,測驗成績沒有顯著優異,但十二歲以後才學英語者,越晚學成績越差,顯示國一是關鍵分水嶺。他認為,英語教學向下延伸至小三,不能解決英語程度兩極化問題,加強國中階段的英文學習,未來才更見效果。
立委林岱樺建議教育部,應建立長期追蹤各階段英文學習成就的制度與資料庫,且最好在小六升國一時,針對英語學習弱勢族群施行補救教學。


科大生英文普遍差

調查也發現,因英文教育長久失衡,科技大學學生英語能力普遍較低,測驗成績約僅國立大學學生的一半。台灣師範大學英語系教授施玉惠表示,許多研究都發現要持續、有興趣地學習,英文才學得好,國一開始學也不算晚,且學習環境和老師都會影響英文學習。

調查顯示,太早學英文對測驗成績並無顯著影響,國中才是學習英文的關鍵時期。

大學生英文能力調查結論
●性別對英語學習影響不大
●小學英語課程對日後大學的語文能力無正面影響
●國中時期的英語學習,對日後英語能力影響甚巨
●體制外的英語教學有正面功能
資料來源:政大外語學院

4/15/2005

I haven't the foggiest.

每天上去看看吧,有幾句話很難從字面上了解其意思。如"The penny dropped." "I've had it up to here." "She thinks she's the cat's whiskers/pajamas."



對話

Romola:Do you remember when we went on the Caribbean cruise last year?
羅莫拉:你記得我們去年坐船遊加勒比海嗎?
Martin:Yes, of course. Fantastic. The snorkeling was great.
馬丁:當然記得。真有趣。用呼吸管潛水,好玩極了。
Romola:And visited that garden in Jamaica where they had some really beautiful flowers.
羅莫拉:我們還去牙買加一個花園參觀,那裡有些花真的很漂亮。
Martin:I can just about remember that.
馬丁:這個我只有一點模糊印象
Romola:Well what was the name of that really gorgeous pink flower with the lovely scent?
羅莫拉:有一種很美、粉紅色的花,芳香撲鼻,叫什麼名字?
Martin:I haven't the foggiest. You know I'm not interested in flowers. Try putting “Jamaican flowers” into Google.
馬丁:我一點頭緒都沒有。你也知道我對花沒有興趣。把「牙買加花卉」輸入Google看看吧。


多學一點點 茫無頭緒

羅莫拉問馬丁一種花的名稱,馬丁說:I haven't the foggiest。Foggy原義是「濃霧的」,可引申解作「模糊的」,例如:I had only a foggy idea of what I had to do(我只有模糊的概念知道自己要做什麼)。Not to have the foggiest即not to have the foggiest idea/notion(一點都不知道)的口語說法,foggiest可改為faintest(最模糊的)、remotest(最遙遠的、最微小的)或slightest(最小的),例如:"Would he agree to our plan?" "I haven't the faintest (idea)."(「他會贊成我們的計劃嗎?」「我完全不知道。」)。

把常用語的一些字略去,是英文頗為常見的現象。讀者都會懂得的o'clock(X點鐘),就是of the clock的縮寫;goodbye(再見)則是God be with ye(上帝與你們同在)的縮寫:古英文ye等於you或「你們」。此外,not to have an earthly chance(一點機會都沒有)口頭上往往也略作not to have an earthly,例如:He wouldn't have an earthly if he tried to go it alone(假如他要獨力去做,一點成功機會都沒有)。Not to have the foggiest有兩個常見的同義說法:have no idea和not to have a clue。Clue是「線索」。I haven't a clue/I have no idea why she divorced her husband即「我完全不知道她為什麼跟丈夫離婚」。

最後談談snorkeling。Snorkel是潛水用的呼吸管,一端接連潛水者的嘴巴,一端則露出水面,以供呼吸。用呼吸管潛水,叫snorkeling,跟背著氧氣瓶潛水(scuba diving)不同。

4/13/2005

NationMaster.com 猴塞雷





這個網站的百科全書(encyclopedia)分類裡資料真是令我佩服呀!舉例來說,看看這個台灣人物名單裡(Encyclopedia:List of Taiwanese people)歌手和團體的名單,有寫到近期的周杰倫、五月天、F4、S.H.E…等等,其中我挑了幾篇來看,周杰倫資料裡頭有提到"緋聞女友"(scandal girlfriends),包括溫嵐和蔡依琳,而蔡依琳名字上有連結,等於說又有資料記錄。除此之外,連周杰倫的外號和口頭禪「屌不屌」都列上去,這NationMaster.com還真是厲害。

And I've learned a word "C-POP," which is an abbreviation for Chinese Pop.就是中文流行樂。相同用法還有J-POP, HK-POP, K-POP.

4/11/2005

校園活動常用字彙

http://hp.gfes.tpc.edu.tw/gfes2.03/words.htm

收錄單字:
flag raising ceremony 升旗典禮
campfire 營火晚會
student's morning assembly 兒童朝會
choir 合唱團
teacher's morning assembly 教師朝會
concert 音樂會
commencement 畢業典禮
clarinet ensemble 直笛隊*
opening ceremony 開學典禮
rhythm band 節奏樂隊
morning study hall 早自習
brass band 管樂隊
morning exercise 早操
string music team/string orchestra 絃樂隊
a major cleaning 大掃除
orchestra 管弦樂團
register 註冊
speech contest 演講比賽
call the roll 點名
exhibitin 展覽會
closing ceremony 結業典禮
farewell party 惜別會
field trip 校外教學
visit 家庭訪問
graduation trip/senior trip 畢業旗行
outing/excursion-hiking out-door acrivity 戶外活動
educational excursion/study trip 參觀教學
school journal 校刊
class party 同樂會    
school fair 園遊會
sports meet 運動會
orientation 新生訓練
School Anniversary 校慶    
parent-teacherassocaiation/faculty and staff meeting 懇親座談會
teacher appreciation 校務會議    
banquet 謝師宴  
teacher's meeting 教學研討會    
summer camp 夏令營



這裡我再補充一下:

一般我們常說的直笛英文應該是recorder,而clarinet中文是單簧管。(可自行至搜尋網如Google圖片搜尋看圖片)

↑Recorder


↑Clarinet

參考網站(English)
Recorder
Clarinet

THIRD WORLD definitions and descriptions

Link:

http://66.102.7.104/search?q=cache:5N2glXDXLzsJ:www.thirdworldtraveler.com/Third_World/TW_definition_description.html+%22Taiwan%22%22third+world%22&hl=en

First World:第一世界 ( (1)指包括美國、前蘇聯、西歐各國、日本在內的發達工業國家 (2)指西方發達工業國家 )

Second World:第二世界 ( (1)作為政治經濟集團的社會主義各國 (2)除美、蘇以外的發達工業國家集團 )


Third World:
1. 第三世界 ( Fourth World ) ( 指美蘇兩大陣營之外採取不結盟立場的亞、非、拉開發中國家 )

2. 【人】 (文化、社會方面的)少數人集團

3. 【人】 (收入、教育水準較低的)弱者 ( 總稱 )

中文解釋:奇摩字典

4/10/2005

[VOA News]Japan Files Protest as Anti-Japanese Demonstrations in China Spread

Listen to the news story

Anti-Japanese demonstrations on Sunday spread to two southern Chinese cities following rowdy protests the previous day in Beijing. The Japanese government is calling the actions "gravely regrettable" and demanding action, and an apology, from the Chinese government.

As demonstrations flared in the Chinese cities of Guanghzou and Shenzen Sunday, Japan's Foreign Ministry summoned the Chinese ambassador here to protest Saturday's violent anti-Japanese rally at the Japanese embassy in Beijing.

Japanese officials say Foreign Minister Nobutaka Machimura told Ambassador Wang Yi that Tokyo wants an apology, compensation for damage to the Japanese embassy and assurances that Japanese citizens and property in China won't be harmed.

However, shortly after the meeting, there were reports of tens of thousands of Chinese demonstrating against Japan in the south of the country.

Hong Kong television on Sunday showed young demonstrators in Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province, gathering outside the Japanese consulate and shouting "Boycott Japanese goods." They also stomped on a replica of a Japanese flag and then burned it. Police could be seen observing the demonstrators but did not intervene.

Thousands of protesters also gathered for a noisy demonstration outside a Japanese supermarket in Shenzhen, the city directly across the border from Hong Kong.

The new protests came after the Japanese Embassy in Beijing also called on China to protect Japanese people and property in China. Embassy spokesman Keiji Ide said on Sunday that Ambassador Koreshige Anami had demanded protection from the Chinese.

"The Chinese authorities should make necessary measures to [protect] our other consulate-generals in other cities," he said. "And also, Ambassador Anami requested Chinese deputy foreign minister to take all necessary measures to protect Japanese citizens and Japanese companies [in China]."

The Chinese marchers are calling for a boycott of Japanese goods in the wake of new Japanese textbooks seen as glossing over Japan's brutal early 20th century occupation of China, and they do not want Japan to be given a permanent U.N. Security Council seat.

In the Beijing demonstrations Saturday, protesters threw rocks and bottles at the Japanese Embassy and the residence of Ambassador Anami. Japanese officials say some 20 glass panes were shattered at the embassy, while several glass windows were smashed at the ambassador's residence.

Stones also shattered the windows of a nearby Japanese restaurant, a Japanese bank branch was pelted with rocks and a billboard featuring Japanese-brand products was damaged.

Estimates of the number of protesters in Beijing ranged from 10,000 to 20,000 - a scale of public protest unseen in the communist country in years.

A Quote from Alexander the Great

"I came, I saw, I conquered."

如何翻譯最美?

「我來了,我所看見的,我都征服了。」

這個白話。

「我隻身前往,我明察秋毫,我旗開得勝。」

這一句翻譯的真美,字句工整和原句同,而且讀起來的味道、氣勢,更勝一籌。

4/09/2005

"把我的ICRT還來"


http://forumosa.com/taiwan/icrt.php

偶然之下,發現了這個線上連署請願書。但我只想問,傑夫去哪了?

--------------------------
Once upon a time, International Community Radio Taiwan (ICRT) was an oasis on the airwaves of Taiwan. For the newly arrived foreigner, long-time foreign resident, or global traveller, tuning into ICRT was a guaranteed connection to the world at large
It wasn't just the music... it was the news, the personalities, and the style that harked back to familiar surroundings. Naturally, ICRT became a center for the small, but vibrant foreign community in Taiwan.

Taiwan's rapid globalization, especially over the past 10 years, has changed the radio landscape of this country. ICRT was joined by savvy competition, who imitated ICRT's success in the past, except they did it in Mandarin and Taiwanese. However, ICRT's obvious and natural differentiation was untouched -- the station remained the haven for foreigner listeners, who starved for news and music from their own countries.

In an apparent move to shake things up and return to its No. 1 position in the ratings, ICRT has made a radical choice: become a Chinese radio station. No one would argue against going after a larger core audience. But ICRT has a unique history and a special mandate.

For abandoning us and its own special mandate, we ask ICRT to do the following:

1. Return to radio programming in English - at least for certain parts of the day, and consider using the familiar 2-person or clubhouse format that is common in drive-time hours in the west

2. Provide more on-air discussion of major news stories - there are no alternatives in Taiwan for English talk-radio. This may partly explain why Forumosa.com sometimes views itself not only as an online community about Taiwan, but as a discussion forum about what people in Taiwan talk about.

3. Resurrect the community message board, where announcements for the foreign community could be broadcast for free. This would include Taiwan-specific content, like where the best live music venues are and what are on the minds of people in Taiwan (local and foreign)

4. Seek funding from the government to support the English language programming hours. This has precedent in the new Formosa TV English news programming

5. Conduct cross-promotional efforts with Taiwan-oriented online communities like Forumosa.com that can offer fresh ideas

6. Explore and use alternative rating methods to measure ICRT's effectiveness and reach - it is widely believed that the regular ratings system does not poll foreigners, the very audience that makes ICRT special. GIO English funding could be used to pay for innovative ways to properly and fairly assess ICRT's true audience

4/08/2005

TOEFL

The TOEFL is changing in September 2005. The Next Generation TOEFL test will include a new speaking section, twice the number of essays, and will be one hour longer.


-- Bruce (Austin and Abilene, Texas, USA)
(1) "If you are on the right path, you will find invisible hands are helping." (Joseph Campbell)
(2) "Even if you're on the right track, you'll get run over if you just sit there." (Will Rogers)
(3) "Poco a poco se anda lejos." (Hispanic saying)
(4) "Love is one of the answers humankind invented to stare death in the face: time ceases to be a measure, and we can briefly know paradise."- Octavio Paz
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http://mail.yahoo.com

4/07/2005

大學生英語僅國中程度 部分只能講兩三句 教師失望

【蘇岱崙╱台北報導】台灣大學語言研究所副教授張顯達等人去年八月調查發現,大學畢業生英語實際程度和大學教師期望程度相去甚遠。多數大學教師期待畢業生能以英文寫商業書信、透過電話簡短洽談業務,但實際上,教師認為大學畢業生的英文程度只能「用簡單兩、三句話自我介紹」。

不符期待

張顯達和台大語言所教授蘇以文、雲林科技大學教授周碩貴、文藻外語學院副教授陳美華等人,以「建立我國大學生英語能力指標」為主題,問卷調查一百五十七所大專校院行政主管、英語教師共兩百八十一人,並以張、蘇編寫的十二等級「共同英語能力指標」為評估基礎,詢問對大學畢業生英語能力的期望及實際程度,指標第一到四級為初階,第五到八級為中階,第九到十二級為高階。
調查顯示,七成大學教師希望大學畢業生的英語「說」和「閱讀」能力,可達到第八級,相當於可用英文書信往來、電話溝通、閱讀權益說明等。但多數老師認為學生實際聽、說、讀、寫能力都低於第五級,甚至有七成老師認為學生聽力只有第三級,相當於「在面對面情況下,可遵循由二至四個短句組成的指示,來放置物品」。


程度相差極大

雲科大應用英語研究所學生黃品璋認為,大學生英語程度相差極大,他聽過畢業自英語系、托福卻只考四百八十幾分的案例。台灣師範大學圖文傳播系二年級學生王正也承認,的確有些大學生英文只有國中程度。
世新大學人文社會學院院長李振清說,據統計,約三成大學生在念大學期間,英文並未進步,「的確有教師期待和學生實際英語程度相差懸殊的情形」。


可訂畢業門檻

張顯達建議,大專校院可訂定英語能力畢業門檻,減兩等級當成入學門檻,一旦新生達不到入學門檻,就可馬上施行補救教學,以提升學生英語能力。

4/05/2005

[單字]Conclave, expat

相信大家都知道天主教宗「若望保祿二世」辭世的消息,以下這一個單字就和這有關。另一個單字是我常看到的,奇摩字典沒有收錄該單字中文意思,很奇怪,就只打個"n."(名詞)然後就空著。不過,英文解釋很簡單,所以 No big deal.
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conclave:

Yahoo!奇摩
n. ( 名詞 noun )

1. 【天主教】 選舉教宗的秘密會議(室);秘密會議,紅衣主教團

2. 【事】 【美】 (互助會等的)會議,集會

Webster Online
1 : a private meeting or secret assembly; especially : a meeting of Roman Catholic cardinals secluded continuously while choosing a pope

2 : a gathering of a group or association
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expat:

Webster Online

=>an expatriate person

expatriate:

Yahoo!奇摩 (請自行按這參考)

4/03/2005

華綜院英語學習電子報

小妹不材,學英文這麼久,不知flip-flops為啥,日前上網找之,得此一酷站。大悅,分享之。 閒著無聊的話,不妨看看。:-)



進入此站後,點選「電子報」,即可進入下面網頁。



在這個網頁分類為「基礎」下,您可以看到以下的東東。


各式各樣鞋子的英文!
Posted by Hello


各式各樣包包的英文!
Posted by Hello


不管是『基礎』還是『進階』的電子報都可以例句和做隨堂測驗,在『進階』的電子報裡著重於時事方面,有整理出來的一週新聞頭條(政治、社會、娛樂、財經、體育…等)本週焦點新聞